Development of Transparent Solid Soap Using Agaricus bisporus Mushroom Extract and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant Activity

Abstract

The interest of researchers in natural antioxidants extracted from fungi has increased due to
their ability to enhance body health and prevent common diseases in modern times. These
antioxidants meet most of the body's needs, from prevention and treatment to tissue and cell repair, as
well as addressing oxidative stress, a phenomenon common in the present age. Agaricus bisporus has
been identified as a potential cosmetic source due to its content of biologically active compounds,
particularly amino acids, simple sugars, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, sterols, tannins, terpenoids,
and alkaloids. The aim of this study was to develop transparent solid soap using Agaricus bisporus
mushroom extract and evaluate its antioxidant activity. The transparent solid soap was produced
using the traditional cold method. The results showed that the A. bisporus extract had an effect on
adjusting the pH of the soap, with a pH value of 8.22, indicating the ability of A. bisporus extract to
reduce the pH value of the soap compared to soap without extracts. Additionally, the A. bisporus soap
demonstrated foam stability at 14.14%, whereas the control soap exhibited 45.16% foam stability.
After one hour, the foam stability reached 95%. Therefore, the mushroom extract soap significantly
affected the foam stability in transparent solid soap compared to the control soap, which enhances the
potential use of A. bisporus extracts in improving the foaming properties of transparent solid soap.
The antioxidant activity test showed that A. bisporus soap exhibited antioxidant activity at the highest
concentration of 500 mg/mL with a percentage of 24.41%, compared to 0.508% in the control soap,
which supports the effectiveness of using A. bisporus extracts in skincare products and transparent
solid soap in particular. The control soap showed no antioxidant activity.
Keywords: