Isolation Identification and Biocontrol of Fusarium Oxysporum Affecting Zamioculcas Zamiifolia

الملخص

This study was conducted to isolate and identify the Fusarium oxysporum fungi, the causal agent of wilt in the ornamental plant Zambia Zamioculcas Zamiifolia, in Basra Governorate. The study involved morphological and molecular identification of the fungus, testing its pathogenicity on Zambia plants, and identifying the most effective biological control agents against it. These agents included the fungi Trichoderma viride, T. longibrachiatum, an aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves, and an alcoholic extract of M.oleifera  leaves. The results showed that F. oxysporum caused a severe infection rate85.5%, Invitro T. viride exhibited 93.7% inhibition of the pathogen, and T. longibrachiatum 96.2%. The aqueous extract of M.oleifera leaves showed 56.2% inhibition against the pathogen. The results also indicated the superiority of the alcoholic extract of M.oleifera  leaves, which demonstrated 98.7% inhibition against the pathogen. In-vivo experiments the pots experiment, the aqueous extract gave the best results fordisease resistance, reached 33.3%, while the alcoholic extract reached 62.5%. Treatments using the fungi T. longibrachiatum and T. viride were similar in reducing the severity of infection, at 41.2% and 41.6% respectively.