Trends in the area of fruit trees in Babil Governorate using geographical techniques

الملخص

      In this research, trends in spatial change of the area planted with fruit tree crops in Babil Governorate were measured, taking the year 1989 as a basis for comparison for the selected years (1989, 2000, 2011, 2022), using remote sensing technology through the analysis of satellite images provided by the Landsat series for periods A long period of time, and the use of many specialized programs in this field, including ENVI programs in its two versions, ENVI 5.3 and ENVI Classic 5.3 and Arc map 10.8, due to the need for them during interpretation, analysis, and drawing digital maps, to represent data for three stages selected for comparison for the years (1989 and 2000) and (2000 and 2011) (and between 2011 and 2022). The results showed a change toward an increase in general in the area of planted fruit trees during the study period and in all directions, with the exception of a decrease in the northeast and southeast directions, which are among the directions most exposed to decrease in Babil Governorate and throughout the study period.