Evaluation of Carotenoids Effects on The Ram Sperm Characteristics : A Review Study

Abstract

The reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a significant task in many physiological function such as capacitation, hyperactivity and sperm penetration. ROS causes many conditions in the male reproductive system such as prostate cancer, varicoceles, cryptorchidism infections, obstructive lesions, cystic fibrosis, and trauma. ROS usually has high reactive action because the outer shell electron. The carotenoids may affect the properties of cell membranes (permeability, thickness, mechanical strength, rigidity), and decrease ROS effect. It is can be organized in plants, bacteria, fungi, algae and in many animals by combining it with food. The structure of the carotenoids consists of eight units of isoprene, leading to the C40 backbone. The carotenoids are essential component of many types of a plant. The carotenoids can remove free radicals from the biological system by inhibiting or interacting with oxidation reactions make safety products. Rams' sperm are very sensitive to environmental changes and prone to crashing when exposed to higher levels of ROS than any other animal. So, we present a broad overview of the functional properties of carotenoids and significant effects on the ram sperm quality.