Effect of some medicinal plant extracts on the growth and accumulation of some active compounds of the Eruca sativa Mill leaves

Abstract

The experiment Applied during fall seasons 2023-2024 in College of Agriculture fields, Wasit University, Iraq. The study aimed to study the effect of some medicinal plant extracts on the growth and accumulation of some active substances in the Eruca sativa leaves. The experiment included two factors, the first factor was the chemical fertilizer with three levels (control, 50% and 100%) and is symbolized A0, A1, and A2. The second factor was the extract of medicinal plants (control, Moringa oleifera, Borago officinalis, Syzygium aromaticum extracts), and is symbolized S0, S1, S2 and S3 and it is added in four times. The results showed that chemical fertilizer levels had a significant effect on the studied traits, as the A2 treatment (100% of the fertilizer recommendation) excelled in most of the traits of vegetative growth, yield, and chemical content of the plant compared to the control treatment A0.  The same applies to the S1 treatment (M. oleifera extract), which was superior to the treatment of other medicinal plant extracts, with the exception of the total phenols content of E. sativa leaves. Treatment S3 (S. aromaticum) recorded the highest concentration of 11.23 mg/ g dry weight^-1), with non-significant differences with treatments S1 and S2 (M. oleifera and B. officinalis), respectively. The combined had a clear effect on the plant’s traits, as the A2S1 treatment (M. oleifera+ 100% fertilizer) outperformed the rest of the other treatments by giving it the highest values ​​in all of the studied traits except for the total phenolics of E. sativa leaves. The highest concentration was found in the A2S3 intervention treatment (S. aromaticum+ 100% fertilizer).